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Species Information
Summary: Also listed in Veined category. Craterellus tubaeformis is recognized by the yellow-brown chanterelle-like fruiting body, hollow yellow-brown stem, and the underside of the cap which has radiating vein-like folds and is colored yellowish to grayish brown or violet gray. The name Craterellus neotubaeformis nom. prov. is used for this species by Pilz(1) because it is not considered to be the same species as the European taxon. Features of C. neotubaeformis include modest size, a dark brown to dingy yellow-brown cap, yellowish to gray or purple-tinged gills, a slender, hollow, yellow to yellow-orange stem, and white spores. Some molecular evidence (Dahlman(1)) supports the contention that the Pacific Northwest species is not the same as the one found in Europe and eastern North America. Cantharellus infundibuliformis (see SIMILAR) is usually considered a synonym and this synonymy is maintained by Dahlman(1). C. tubaeformis is common.
It has been found at least in WA, OR (Smith''s description is from OR), ID, CA, (Castellano), and AK (Pilz). There are collections from BC at the University of British Columbia.
Cap: 2-8cm across, convex, soon flat to depressed, funnel-shaped in center, margin inrolled and wavy; deep yellow to yellow brown, paler when old, (Phillips), 1-3(5)cm across, convex to flat or broadly depressed and with an arched incurved margin at first, margin finally spreading or uplifted and becoming crenate [scalloped] to variously lobed, occasionally somewhat funnel-shaped when old, often becoming perforated in disc when old; dark sordid yellowish brown, at times more or less sordid ochraceous; moist, more or less uneven, at times with radial ridges ending in scabrous points, sometimes quite rough, sometimes practically bald, (Smith)
Gills: decurrent, narrow, vein-like folds, irregularly branched; yellowish to gray-violet, (Phillips), decurrent, subdistant, narrow and fold-like, dichotomously forked; yellowish gray to grayish brown, often pale drab when old, (Smith)
Stem: 2.5-8cm x 0.4-1cm, hollow, often flattened, often grooved; yellow to dull yellow-orange, (Phillips), 3-6cm x 0.3-0.7cm, more or less equal, stuffed but becoming hollow and flabby, often flattened or furrowed; dark to pale ochraceous in upper part, usually whitish at base; bald, (Smith)
Odor: pleasant (Phillips), not distinctive (Smith)
Taste: pleasant (Phillips), not distinctive (Smith), mild and pleasant, (Miller), Arora gives mild or bitterish for infundibuliformis group
Microscopic spores: spores 8-12 x 6-10 microns, elliptic, smooth, (Phillips); spores (8)9-11 x 5.5-7 microns, elliptic to oval, smooth, not amyloid (pale ochraceous tawny in iodine); basidia 2- and 4-spored, 64-82 x 9-11 microns, clavate, flexuous [wavy] toward the base, "pale yellowish brown in iodine, content mostly of oil globules when revived in KOH"; pleurocystidia and cheilocystidia none; clamp connections abundant, (Smith)
Spore deposit: white (Phillips), white to creamy white in thick deposits (Smith, but see also SIMILAR), white to creamy white (Castellano), white to buff (Miller)
Habitat / Range
often in large groups in wet mossy bogs, (Phillips), cespitose [in tufts] to gregarious, on wet soil, "often along streams or near springs or in bogs under conifers", (Smith), "on wet soil, often along streams or near springs or in bogs under conifers", "also juxtaposed to rotten logs", fall through winter, (Castellano), "usually found scattered to clustered on well-decayed wood", "or sometimes in soil and humus, near the roots of living trees and around stumps"; generally November to May, (Pilz), occurrence in northwestern Oregon is highly correlated with the presence of Tsuga heterophylla (Western Hemlock) with which it forms mycorrhizae; mycorrhizae also formed with Pseudotsuga menziesii (Douglas-fir) and Picea sitchensis (Sitka spruce), but it is encountered only rarely in stands without hemlock component, (Trappe, M.), summer and fall (Miller), spring, summer, fall, winter
Similar Species
Several species may have a similarly colored cap and decurrent gills (Hygrophoropsis aurantiaca group, Chrysomphalina chrysophylla, some Hygrocybe species) but they are thin true gills rather than ridges, (Pilz). Cantharellus infundibuliformis was said to have darker cap, duller stem, cream to yellowish spore deposit, but is regarded as a synonym.
good (Phillips), Persson & Karlsson-Stiber reported in 1993 that consuming C. tubaeformis with alcohol might in rare instances cause negative reactions (Pilz)
